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Susan Deily-Swearingen

Susan Deily-Swearingen

Posted: May 26, 2010 01:09 PM

BP Oil Spill: The Nuclear Option

What's Your Reaction:

With the BP oil spill in constant news cycle, it is no surprise that solutions to the crisis are coming from far and wide. As conventional methods for halting the gusher continue to fail spectacularly, more non-traditional ideas are cropping up everywhere. Everything, including using hair, hay, garbage, and used golf balls has been suggested, but so far none of these remedies has been tried. One solution that is getting increased attention on the web and in the European press is the terrifying sounding nuclear option which, essentially, would detonate a nuclear bomb underground near the oil well shaft.

Such a suggestion is likely to set off alarm and irony bells especially for those who lived through the Cuban Missile Crisis, which took place near the mouth of the Gulf. Still, this method for collapsing the well and stopping the leak is not an untried fantasy of science-fiction. In fact, according to the Russian newspaper Pravda, since 1966 this technique has been used five times already to deal with analogous disasters in that country.

It sounds simple enough, in theory;"the underground explosion moves the rock, presses on it, and, in essence, squeezes the well's channel." A sign of the times, this technique already has its own Youtube video which has garnered nearly 7,000 hits so far. The footage comes from a Soviet-era propaganda film and shows precisely the steps involved in collapsing a compromised natural-gas mining shaft.

Could a similar technique work in the Gulf? According to a CBS News report, Russian science editor Vladimir Lagowski says 'maybe.' According to CBS, Lagowski wrote in a recent column "that the probability a nuke detonated a mile under the gulf would seal the Deepwater Horizon leak is perhaps 20 percent: 'Americans could take a chance.'"

But, for a post-Cold War America still reeling from terrorist attacks on our soil and fearful of the specter of dirty bombs and rogue nuclear attacks, could this solution ever be palatable? What are the lasting effects of such an explosion? Is there a potential for them to be even worse than the pollution from the dispersants already used to "solve" or abate the problem? Even more practically, perhaps, how long would it take to drill a mile below the Gulf to insert the bomb given that a relief well which is currently being drilled may take 90 days? Should we take a chance on a delayed solution when there might be faster and less frightening sounding options available?

As the geyser of oil continues to erupt and there appears to be no end in sight, President Obama's cool exterior and trademark patience seem to be cracking somewhat. According to the UK's Daily Telegraph, Obama has charged BP and its partners in the mess with "falling over each other to point the finger of blame at someone else." He continues that "...the potential devastation to the Gulf Coast, its economy, and its people require us to continue our relentless efforts to stop the leak."

To that end, there appear to be signs that a nuclear option may be one of the "relentless efforts" in Obama's solutions arsenal. Today, the administration sent a group of nuclear physicists to the Gulf to help stem the tide of the disaster. Again according to the Telegraph, BP CEO Tony Hayward described a "five-hour meeting [which] involved a 'very deep dive' into the situation at hand, with 'lots of nuclear physicists and all sorts of people coming up with some quite good ideas, actually.'" Asked to elaborate, he said they had "come up with one good idea," but said no more.

 

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With the BP oil spill in constant news cycle, it is no surprise that solutions to the crisis are coming from far and wide. As conventional methods for halting the gusher continue to fail spectacularl...
With the BP oil spill in constant news cycle, it is no surprise that solutions to the crisis are coming from far and wide. As conventional methods for halting the gusher continue to fail spectacularl...
 
 
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01:33 PM on 06/14/2010
Every day I wake up and I hear of all this madness. It reminds me of the late-90's NY Mets. They had the talent, but they had some atrocious years. I feel like Obama's administration started off very strong, and now these issues has made this year a mess.

I think the administration failed in having a good plan of action on both the ground and in the politicking. If Obama had just pushed the close date to 3 months instead of 10 days, it wouldn't be ridiculed as much if simultaneously he did have a good build-up of NGs in the area.

I feel sorry for anyone who wanted to be president couple years ago. Many problems haven't been dealt with for decades; they all seem to be coming to a head now. Hopefully not a nuclear warhead, excuse the pun.
10:53 PM on 06/01/2010
It's a shame Slim Pickens isn't here for this: All attempts fail, gushing worsens and begins to threaten all life on the planet. Toxic rains begin falling. Overwhelmed, clean-up crews abandon efforts to save coastal estuaries and beaches after "Summer of Oil" pounded by tropical storms and hurricanes. I'm surprised Bruce Willis hasn't starred in this one yet. Or how about 'Our Man from Flint'; about a thoroughly enlightened would be mayor of Flint, Michigan who's confident the problem can be solved by combining certain land race strains of cannabis sativa and cannabis indica and then vaporizing the concoction in a coconut shaped diving bell but these plans are thwarted by real government conspiracy theorists posing as FBI and DEA agents, and so on.
01:26 PM on 06/01/2010
I find it amazing that neither the author nor a single one of the commentators seems to be aware that nuclear explosions are banned. The United States is among 170 countries that have agreed to prohibit ALL nuclear explosions, peaceful or otherwise. You can read all about it at www.ctbto.org .
I can assure every reader that the 'nuclear scientists' now in the gulf are NOT considering this option. These folks from the National Laboratories have a very wide range of scientific expertise and will have quickly eliminated this option (if they ever gave it even the time of day) in favor of several more practical (and less outrageous) options. If they have narrowed it to one as the report suggests, there is NO reason to believe it is the one being bandied about so irresponsibly here.
08:41 PM on 06/01/2010
the USA doesn't care about treaties.
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10:08 PM on 06/02/2010
To stop that monstrosity who would blame us!
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HazelPethigFan
I don't know until I know
04:01 PM on 05/29/2010
It was just a matter of time before the nut job ideas like this would surface.

Only a 20% chance of success? What about radiation? What if we make it worse? This isn't a lab experiment.
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horhay
Res ipsa loquitur
07:42 PM on 05/29/2010
Those are my concerns as well. It seems like we could really exacerbate the situation. Creating not only the worst oil spill in U.S. history, but a radioactive one at that. Or we could create an even larger gusher with no way to stop it. Too many nightmare scenarios to even consider this option, IMO.
02:49 AM on 05/27/2010
I thought the Russians used this process on gas wells ... in a desert, not underwater with oil. But other than that completely analogous.

And 20% probability of success ... that would be insane. What happens if the 80% probably happens and it DOESN'T work?
10:12 PM on 05/26/2010
Bravo nuclear test scared the daylights out of the scientist. I produced 1000's of times more radiation than they expected. It destroyed carriers they thought would be untouched.

The nest best opt5ion is a ten over the entire well head site, and a slight negative pressure in a 1 meter pipe to the surface tankers.
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myth buster
02:08 PM on 05/27/2010
Because Castle Bravo used natural lithium, rather than weapons-grade lithium. The scientists assumed that only the Li-6 would produce tritium, which would in turn undergo nuclear fusion, produce 14.1 MeV neutrons, and fast fission the U-238 tamper. However, one thing about 14.1 MeV neutrons is that they have plenty of energy to power endothermic reactions, like breaking up Li-7 into He-4 and tritium, which does not consume the neutron, but does produce fusion fuel. Consequently, the bomb yielded triple the expected energy. This is something we can now calculate, and such a surprise is physically impossible in a straight fission device, which is what we'd use here. As for the thousands of times more radiation, that was propaganda. The scientists knew that at least half the yield from the bomb would be from fast fissioning U-238, but they wanted people to think that all but 15 kilotons or so was coming from fusion. Fission produces fallout and fusion doesn't. You do the math.
06:17 PM on 05/27/2010
The bomb made the water intensely radioactive, it still will.
09:56 PM on 05/26/2010
it is incredible the way USA is leading this tragedy, BP is playing games and spend time and money for nothing. they know that the unique way is a relief well and probably it will not work because the pressure. in the end they will do what will work. and the solution is, of curse, A BOMB . i do not know if a normal bomb will do the job, because it is need a huge explosion to disrupt the well, but if not the other solution is a NUCLEAR BOMB. a small but powerful bomb.
it is funny to read some people hurry about the radiation and the contamination,but they forget that the contamination is already in the beaches and with a nuclear bomb it is impossible, because the blast is deep inside the earth.
i bet with anybody that in the end they will use the bomb. after everything fails. the sad part of this tragedy is the lack of leadership. Obama must talk to Russia , Sued, Norway? and others to understand the full picture and act fast. He must stop the leak with a nuclear bomb, there are not other way
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BannedNBoston
Is hemp legal yet?
05:22 PM on 05/26/2010
Its called a tactical nuke small neutron bomb about the size of a lunch pail.
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mheister
Raconteur. Blog michaelheister.com
04:08 PM on 05/26/2010
What about a conventional bomb?
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Susan DeilySwearingen
08:14 PM on 05/26/2010
That is another option that has been mentioned. I suppose nuclear gets more attention because of the size of the blast and the potential to push as much rock and sedimentary material towards the well.
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myth buster
02:10 PM on 05/27/2010
One conventional bomb wouldn't do it. You'd need thousands of them. You'd also need explosives that don't require oxygen to detonate, which limits the field to nitrogenous explosives, and also reduces the yield of such things as TNT.
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02:35 PM on 05/26/2010
For 8 years I have been hearing Republicans tell me that Government can't do anything and we must turn all services over to private industry. Now they speak out the other side of their mouth and they say, private industry can't do this, the government must take over. Well for those stupid people I have a question. How is the world will the government take over a problem they have no expertise on, no experience on and no equipment? May as well turn the job over to the high schools.
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Susan DeilySwearingen
08:19 PM on 05/26/2010
I do think you have a point, and that may be why Government has been reluctant to take over up until now. I would also guess that Government doing the work and then going through the process of getting repaid by BP would be more complicated and protracted than just letting BP handle the situation themselves. Complicating this whole situation however, is, of course, the fact that the situation doesn't seem to be being "handled" effectively by BP.
07:59 PM on 05/30/2010
Man4ourseason, which Republicans are saying that the government must take over? The only people I've heard say that are Democrats in DC. Please cite for us a source which actually quotes a Republican saying that.
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Susan DeilySwearingen
04:08 PM on 05/31/2010
@JenKim
Several people in DC have gone public with the idea that the whole project should be militarized (thus a government take-over). A report on NPR as recently as today suggests that idea is being rejected, again, by the administration because the oil company has more equipment and better technology to deal with the situation.
02:08 PM on 05/26/2010
Wow!! A detonate a nuclear bomb. Are we that crazy. Bear in mind nuclear bombs emit radiation which has a half life of thousands of years. A gulf that glows in the dark might be a great tourist attraction, but would you really want to go swimming there.
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Susan DeilySwearingen
08:26 PM on 05/26/2010
Yes the prospect sounds scary to me as well. However, the Russian propaganda piece I linked to in the article does say that there is not apreciable radiation in the blast zone post blast. The idea is that the bomb, the controlled explosion, is buried deeply enough that the radioactivity gets buired with it. I'm not sure if more testing has been done farther down the line, I would suspect it has. However, since the Russian examples took place on dry land and this would happen under the ocean floor I wonder if the two situations are truly analagous. I also take Horhay's point, posted below, that "such a powerful explosion should not be considered since the sea floor & plates in the region are shifting around a lot already." There is a lot about the specifics of this technique that I don't know, but I found it interesting that this option is being mentioned at all.
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myth buster
02:17 PM on 05/27/2010
I'm a nuclear engineer, and I've run fallout scenarios before. I can tell you there is no risk worth mentioning of radioactive fallout. First, the radioisotopes produced by the nuclear blast are mostly short-lived (as in a half life of a few hours). 99% of the radiation will be gone within about two days, and 99.9% in two weeks. Second, the blast, combined with the underwater currents, will cause the particles to spread out diffusely, limiting the dose they can deliver to any one organism. Third, water does such a good job at shielding radiation that workers at nuclear plants place the used fuel in giant pools, about 12 ft. deep. Once the fuel is secured, you can walk right up to the edge of the pool and not receive a measurable dose.

Lastly, the longer lived an isotope is, the less radiation it emits. If I had to choose between consuming a radioisotope that had a half life of a thousand years, verses one with a half-life of ten years, other things being equal (type of radiation, disintegration energy, chemical toxicity), I'd choose the one with the thousand year half-life.
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Susan DeilySwearingen
03:24 PM on 05/27/2010
Thank you so much for the education. I really appreciate the fact that you took the time to explain the very technical aspects worth considering. What you say is comforting. If yesterday's "Top Kill" doesn't work, I feel less gloomy about this as a potential option. Thanks.
01:40 PM on 05/26/2010
Setting off a bomb in the area, at sea floor level, is a scary idea. We have no idea what the ecological significance of that would be. The ocean will eventually clear itself of oil -- perhaps long after we are gone, but still....
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horhay
Res ipsa loquitur
03:22 PM on 05/26/2010
Detonating a nuclear warhead is a horrible idea. So much sea life & wildlife is already being endangered and decimated by this gushing oil that it would be another devastating blow to an ecosystem already on the verge of collapse. It is just going to compound the problems and it might not even stop the gushing oil, it could cause an even more massive vent to open.

Thinking back to the destructive earthquake in Haiti earlier this year, such a powerful explosion should not be considered since the sea floor & plates in the region are shifting around a lot already. The radiation will last an eternity and cause even more damage.
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myth buster
02:22 PM on 05/27/2010
The ecosystem that is being threatened by the spill doesn't exist at the bottom of the sea. No sunlight gets down to that depth. They are completely different organisms, and the blast radius and fallout is small. Earthquakes are generally more powerful than nuclear explosions, much more. This blast would register maybe 5.0 on the Richter scale. Also, radiation BY DEFINITION cannot last an eternity. Anything that lasts forever doesn't decay, and radiation is produced by the act of decaying. What do you even know about radiation, anyway? It's such a boogie man to people who don't understand it. To people in the know, it looks like you're scared of your own shadow because you are exposed to radiation every single day just by breathing. This is not your fault, you just need to do some basic research to put your mind at ease.