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Susan Stiffelman

Susan Stiffelman

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Waiting for Superman? How Does an "Ordinary" Teacher Become Extraordinary?

Posted: 10/22/10 07:10 PM ET

When I was in labor (which 27 hours produced a 9 1/2-pound son), my then-husband was enthusiastically cheering me on. "You can do it! A little harder! Just keep pushing."

By the 25th hour, I would have walloped him had I not been (literally) passing out in between contractions.

Having just seen Waiting for 'Superman', my first instinct was to join the ranks of those who were targeting teachers for their willingness to exploit the system with tenure that lets many get away with doing a mediocre job of teaching our precious kids. But as I let my emotions settle, I realized that -- in the same way that I help parents manage a child's misbehavior by looking for the root of the problem rather than on creating better punishments to manage its manifestation -- we have to dig for the essence of the issue with teachers who have become complacent on the job.

If I'm working with a parent whose child, say, whines incessantly, I'll treat the problem like Jeopardy: "If whining is the answer, what is the question?" In other words, "Why does little Lila's whining make sense?" Sometimes the answer is that it's the only way that Lila gets attention. Other parents will admit that whining tends to get their daughter what she wants, because they eventually cave in. By looking at the payoff for a behavior, we can better understand how to change it.

So, why does a "mediocre" teacher's "mediocre" effort make sense? And what would it take (teachers: please respond!) for that same teacher to feel supported, engaged and lit up?

This is the question we need to be asking -- and addressing. Sure, the system of guaranteed tenure allows teachers to get away with doing a lousy job in the classroom, while still being guaranteed a paycheck. But let's dig deeper. Based on everything I know about my fellow members of the human race, most physically and emotionally healthy people really like the feeling that comes from doing well at something.

Whether it's getting a cranky baby to sleep, cleaning a dirty window until it sparkles, or helping a child sound out a difficult word in their reader, it's immensely satisfying to do well at something. In fact, we know from the devastating substance abuse and depression suffered by many trust fund kids who don't need to work that the satisfaction that comes from expressing our talents is hugely important to our sense of psychological well-being. (This is why Bill and Melinda Gates are deliberately not leaving their entire fortune to their children.)

As a former Fred John Sales award Teacher of the Year recipient -- (it was in college, and I mention it with half a tongue in cheek) -- and more importantly, as a former teacher, I know the joy that comes from teaching children. I loved the feeling of helping a youngster think through a tricky math problem, feel pride in sharing a personal essay, or catch on to a difficult science concept. Teaching was my drug of choice; I loved my work, and was fueled by my passion.

While some bad teachers may have joined the profession after discovering that teaching offered unrivaled job security, I don't believe most of them set out to exploit the system. I think we need to look at the fact that some mediocre teachers did start out with a fire in their belly, and the fire...burned out.

I'm enthusiastically in favor of turning the education system inside out so that inadequate teachers are sent off to other professions while enterprising ones are rewarded for their efforts. Kudos to Michelle Rhee and those like her who have been fearless in their effort to purge the system of teachers who, well, aren't teaching.

But I believe we're going to have to address the underlying issue of motivation, too. It may well be that there are moderately good teachers who would be great teachers if they had less bureaucracy to contend with, more parental support, counseling for the overwhelming stress or fatigue of the job or simply, better training for the rigors of the profession...and on and on. What do ordinary teachers do to become extraordinary? This question needs to be examined and acted upon if the system is to fully right itself.

Otherwise, those of us stirred up after watching Waiting for 'Superman' will simply become like my former husband at our son's birth, cheering our teachers on from the sidelines with generic advice like "You can do it!" without having a real clue as to the immense challenges they're up against.

If we can identify what drives exceptional effort in the teaching profession and replicate that (while weeding out those teachers who simply don't belong in the classroom) we'll accelerate the change that's so urgently needed in the education system. Let's find out what we need to do to revitalize and rekindle the spark and passion for teaching in our teachers, if it's there, recognizing that we all share responsibility for "birthing" these children of ours into the wonderful lives they so deserve.

 
 
 

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10:05 PM on 10/25/2010
As a nation, we've got to be thinking about teacher sustainability. Everyone is talking about teacher evaluation, which is truly important, but who is talking a about how we can better support teachers so they can become master teachers over a full career in education?

I’ve been teaching for 11 years. After one of my colleagues suddenly quit, I began researching teacher attrition, and quickly learned that one in three teachers quit in the first three years, and fifty percent quit in the first five years. I interviewed over 70 teachers across the nation, in all types of schools, to learn why they are leaving, and how we change stop the tide of great teachers out the door. I learned what schools, communities, states and our nation could be doing to make teaching more sustainable for the long haul, and I share it in my book, Why Great Teachers Quit and What We Might Do to Stop the Exodus (Corwin Press, July 2010) by Katy Farber.

I appreciate that Susan is asking teachers how they can be better supported to do great work with students. We need to be at the table. The voices of teachers need to be heard in policy making, school governance, student assessment, scheduling, and budgeting.

Katy
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susanstiffelman
Susan Stiffelman is a family therapist, Huff Post
04:05 PM on 10/28/2010
What a fantastic post, Katy. I can't wait to read your book! I think you've summed up what my post was attempting to address; we have to look at the underlying elements, rather than distract ourselves with unending finger pointing... Thanks for injecting such an important element into this conversation
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fratricide08
Proud "Firebagger"
04:19 PM on 10/25/2010
I have talked to two young teachers whose stories I think are relevant. Both are smart young women but the one who taught elementary school has quit while the other who teaches high school has expressed a desire to quit. The one who quit told me that she had a difficult time coming up with creative lesson plans as well as doing all the supplementary things teachers do but don't necessarily learn or know about before they begin teaching full time. Frankly, I admire her for quitting as opposed to continuing when she felt she wasn't able to give the students what she felt they deserved.

The high school teacher has expressed her desire to quit because of parents and stress. She said she just didn't love it like she should and felt burnt out after only a few years. She also told to me that she envied me for teaching college so I assume that lack of freedom in the classroom also plays a role.

A lot of people who go into teaching don't understand what they're getting into and the college of education doesn't prepare them for what's in store. In fact, I have an very low opinion of their death grip on licensure as well as the irrelevant coursework that goes into teacher training. Outstanding teaching is an art that is difficult to learn and the College of Education isn't helping foster the talent or allowing admittance of those who have talent into the profession.
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Live4literacy
05:52 PM on 10/25/2010
And when Superman talks about teachers actually fired, they fail to mention the numbers who drop out of the profession yearly. Over 50% don't make it to the five year mark. It's hard work and getting harder.
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fratricide08
Proud "Firebagger"
02:39 PM on 10/26/2010
I think a lot of early burnout has to do with school size and workload. My cousin who teaches at the High School level in a tiny little town absolutely loves it. While he enjoys his time off he also bounces back to the school with a smile on his face. It probably helps that he's been on the county commission there since he was 18 so he's in the thick of the politics that can surround schools, hiring, and funding. Of the young women who are pretty much the same age as he is the one who quit was teaching in a small to medium sized city and the one who has expressed a desire to quit teaches in a small town but growing town.

I think another thing that's getting the burnouts is that you're really expected to give your life to the job. Also for younger teachers you're expected to put up a conservative veneer (leave your personality at the door). Between that, the extra work, and trying to have a life outside of school in the digital age and it's a heckuva lot to ask of people.
11:03 AM on 10/25/2010
The most important quality that I, as a parent, expect from my kid's teacher is to CARE. It's not working at Starbucks. It's not just a job to be endured from day to day waiting for the weekend. It has to be more than that and that's where the professionalism piece comes in. I mean would you want a doctor that hates their job and lives only to have time off? No way. It should be the same with teaching. That's why I wish the profession paid more and attracted better people and a higher level of professionalism. A poor teacher can get better if they care and work at it, but a teacher who doesn't care will never get better and will probably get worse.
07:10 AM on 10/25/2010
Of course, in the best of all possible worlds, all teachers would be working magic with all students in their classes. However, how many people, especially those who are quick to criticize & scapegoat teachers, have spent a week in a classroom teacher's shoes, trying to teach 25+ kids at one time? Most people I've observed have a hard enough time just trying to control their own kids.

The reality of the situation is that these days too many kids are out of control - they either cannot pay attention in class or don't want to, they are hyperactive & acting out, and they show zero respect for teachers or other students. Whether it be from pesticides, herbicides, hormones, antibiotics, colorings, preservatives, and lack of adequate nutrition in their foods, from bad parenting & lack of a stabile home environment, or a combination of the two, many kids are coming to school unprepared to learn.

It is the parents' responsibility to properly feed, clothe, bathe & shelter their children, to provide a loving, safe, warm & stabile home environment, and to instill respect for teachers & inculcate the value of education. Tragically, this is lacking in far too many American homes. How many parents do drugs, smoke or drink while pregnant? How many children live amongst drug deals, gangs & domestic violence?

Of course excellence in teaching is to be commended, but the equation for student success must take into account proper parenting & home environment, as well as correct
07:28 AM on 10/25/2010
(My last two words were cut off)

...as well as correct student behavior.
09:25 PM on 10/24/2010
Great idea! If we can identify what drives exceptional effort in any profession and replicate that, we can have all our teams be world champions every year! And have our army always beat the other armies—because they won't know the secret!—and we can also always win the top prize in the Pillsbury bake-off! Brilliant! Why weren't we told? Now, if we can only get jobs for all these excellently trained kids!
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Ted Fujimoto
President, Landmark Consulting Group
02:48 PM on 10/24/2010
There is no magic bullet to improve education. The arguments hurled back and forth are based on trying to find the one villian when in fact there are many villians. I appreciate Susan's article and analogies---as it points to the root issues:

1. Are most teachers amazing people who are in the profession for the right reason? Yes
2. Are there bad teachers in the system that should leave the profession and where the tenure system keeps them in place? Yes.
3. Does the current education system and schools kill the best teachers from a thousand papercuts or worse? Yes.
4. What do smart teachers (the majority) do when faced a system that kills the best and protects worst? Either leave the profession before you get killed (they are in droves) or lay low and stay "ordinary" so you can survive the system.

The best things we can do to save education and to help teachers: (a) stop the system from killing the best and (b) stop protecting the worst. Give the support and the space to teachers to become extraordinary!
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uniquindividual
I'm unique and so are you
04:13 PM on 10/24/2010
Your number 4 assertion needs some explaining.

Staying ordinary alows teachers to stay, but they are forced out if they are smart.

Huh?
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fratricide08
Proud "Firebagger"
04:26 PM on 10/25/2010
Actually, yes. The same thing even happens at the college level. Remember, school boards, superintendents etc. are political bodies and they hire and fire based on those politics. They hire principals and principals assign classroom and other jobs for teachers. It's similar at Uni's though usually not as bad. There is an incredible amount of politicking among faculty at any school.
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Live4literacy
05:55 PM on 10/25/2010
Yes, the really smart ones tend to find jobs that pay more, value their intelligence, and provide an outlet for creativity elsewhere. The ones who stay, however, and I know many, close their doors and work quietly doing what's right in order to not get called out for not following the narrow confines of the testing culture.
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Sean Taylor Teacher
Literacy is a right of all people
02:18 PM on 10/23/2010
Did you teach in a Title I school Susan? Kids that have no food at home, parents that abuse and ignore them, or are just trying to hold on. Abject poverty, homelessness, parents in jail, and you equate the need of average or mediocre teachers to transition to extraordinary teachers. My heroes are the parents that are making a better life for their kids. My heroes are all the teachers that work in Title I schools and do an "ordinary" job in a place that would make most people cry or quite the first day of employment. Sean Taylor M.Ed
http://reading-sage.blogspot.com/
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susanstiffelman
Susan Stiffelman is a family therapist, Huff Post
02:43 PM on 10/23/2010
Amen!
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Carmen Madonna Campos
dude! it's me!!!
10:18 AM on 10/25/2010
true that. Carmen Campos M.Ed, PhD
11:33 AM on 10/23/2010
It's not so much that teachers "burn out," but that their enthusiasm is stomped out of them by circum-stances that they feel powerless to control. For 26 years, I have told friends that it's not the students, it's the grownups who create the problems, and most of those creating the problems are not in the classrooms. Poor and/or incompetent administrators, illogical district mandates, cookie cutter mandated curriculum, and poor resource allocation all serve to alienate teachers and make them feel powerless.

As one who has spent those 26 years talking back to the system and advocating for students rather than "the system," I can tell you from personal experience just how exhausting and debilitating that can be. One has to be incredibly strong to survive the pounding that is given to those of us who dare to stand up and demand to be heard.

When one enters the classroom in many districts, one has truly entered Alice's world, where up is down and priorities are focused on administrative and operational agendas rather than on student learning and well-being. Quit bashing teachers. We have almost no power. Focus the microscope on those out of the classroom who do.
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susanstiffelman
Susan Stiffelman is a family therapist, Huff Post
12:43 AM on 10/24/2010
This is why I had to admit that I was simply not cut out to be a classroom teacher. I recognized exactly what you're pointing out--that even though my heart was in it, I didn't have the endurance or patience to swim upstream in the midst of children's often heartbreaking challenges at home, immense bureaucracy, and the long list of problems Lulu Cafe has listed.

I'm sorry to any teachers who have read this post and taken it to mean that I believe teachers to be the cause of the terrible hole our education system has fallen into. On the contrary, while I was profoundly moved by Waiting for Superman and engaged with the many conversations around it, I found myself compelled to point out that blaming teachers is NOT fair. My point--clearly not adequately or clearly written--was that, just as it was easy for my then husband to point out simplistically that all I needed to do was "push harder" as I tried to birth a nine and a half pound baby after 2 days without sleep or food, those of us NOT in the classroom cannot complain--in broad strokes--that the problem is mediocre teachers.
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uniquindividual
I'm unique and so are you
01:09 AM on 10/23/2010
Why did you leave teaching Suzie Super?
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susanstiffelman
Susan Stiffelman is a family therapist, Huff Post
12:55 AM on 10/24/2010
I loved being a teacher, and came to accept how poorly suited I was to the job, given the massive challenges. This is why I have always maintained that there are no greater heroes than the great teachers who are willing to endure poor wages, overcrowded classrooms, safety challenges, kids with epic problems at home, and on and on and on.... I'm not super...just passionate about learning, and ever hopeful that we can untangle this mess so kids have a fair shot at learning and teachers have the support they genuinely need to do their job.
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uniquindividual
I'm unique and so are you
10:10 AM on 10/24/2010
You loved it, but admit above you didn't have the endurance or patience...

Sounds to me like you didn't love it. You enjoyed certain aspects of it, but the job was simply too tough for you to handle.

People who actually enjoy it it, don't quit so quickly. The good parts of the job out weigh the bad.

Average teachers who try their best in the conditions you describe are heros too. Even below average teacher if they care... They are the people who don't quit because it's a tough job. More importantly, they are the people who are performing a job that so few in a culture preoccupied with wealth and fame will attempt

It is a foolish notion that our nation, full of mediocore individuals, will find millions of exceptional individuals to work in a profession that:

Is constantly browbeaten in public;

Poorly paid (When the 50+ hours of work a week to do a decent job are employed);

Given scientificaly unattainable universal standards required for achievement;

Threatened with universal dismissal starting in 2014 based on the test scores of students who are not in their class and/or often don't try on the tests.*
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uniquindividual
I'm unique and so are you
10:12 AM on 10/24/2010
This didn't fit

*Or have ANY reason to try on the tests - Testing is not a high stakes activity for students. If I were a high school student today, I would bubble in Fu.. You on the test - like so many do. From the perspective of a double digit percentage of students, the tests are an activity that is a waste of time.

The No Child Left Behind law standards and consequinces are insane.
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cjaco
11:47 PM on 10/22/2010
This assumption that it's all the teacher's fault is typical of those who have no clue as to what goes on in a school, classroom, and refuses to do the research. They have no idea how damaging their rhetoric is. The talking heads for reform, most of them paid shills are doing far more harm than good. At least real teacher's understand and practice the truth of do no harm. How about we take away the licenses of all psychologists and psychiatrists who medicate children instead of guiding them to overcome their problems? For that is what you advocate for teachers.
Address the real crisis in education - underfunding, trauma, abuse, and poverty. The rise of the oligarchy and their attack on the last of the labor unions is in the mantra of failing schools and the propaganda.
For instance - did you know that Guggenheim's film lies? This girl was one of the 5 up for the lottery - but it turns out, not because of the circumstances WFS expounded. What else did Guggenheim lie about? And yet, this post somehow piggybacks on those lies. Watch Emily Jones of Waiting for Superman in her interview in which she exposes the lie:
http://toped.svefoundation.org/2010/10/18/emily-jones-of-waiting-for-superman-on-why-she-entered-the-lottery-for-summit-prep-charter-high-in-redwood-city/#
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Live4literacy
08:49 AM on 10/23/2010
Interesting how the mother pointed to the test scores as not reflecting her daughter's ability or desire to learn...are any of the ACOOUNTABILITY reformers listening?
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susanstiffelman
Susan Stiffelman is a family therapist, Huff Post
12:53 AM on 10/24/2010
Thanks for reading and posting. Here's my question: What would YOU recommend, in practical terms? How would you like to see the underfunding, trauma, abuse and poverty addressed in the next six months? This is the conversation I was hoping to generate--to hear from those in the trenches about specifically what they see as needed.

Again, I don't believe it's the teacher's fault. My point in writing this piece was in fact to discredit that oversimplification, and I'm sorry I didn't say that clearly enough.
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Live4literacy
12:03 PM on 10/24/2010
First, every PUBLIC school does not or should not be operated the same way. It should be based on the needs of the students it serves. Therefore, in neighborhoods of poverty, abuse, etc the school day should be longer, there should be access to guidance counseling groups daily, there should be smaller class sizes in those schools , there should be after school care available as with enrichment activities, free breakfast and lunch. But this requires funding which this country refuses to provide. You do realize Finland's schools are neighborhood schools run by the director and teachers and decisions are made based on the needs of those children. They also beleive that the underperforming children need more help than the gifted children and so those children get more help. They also have three teachers in a class of 20. That's called believing in education, funding it appropriately, and giving autonomy to teachers. However, when you say be practical, then it all falls apart because no one wants to invest in schools that serve low income students...it's the selfishness and lack of foresight in this country that will be the demise of education and our future right along with it. And, yes, I am very jaded and everyone who knows me calls me the Don Quixote of public education....it's just taken me a lot longer to accept that it's not going to get better which is sad for my own kids as well as for this teacher.
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cjaco
01:12 PM on 10/24/2010
In practical terms to start - Fire Arne Duncan and replace him with Linda Darling-Hammond. Abolish the NCLB requirements and testing when renewing ESEA and fund schools according to need - not based on test scores - for instance they want to tie test scores to Title One funding and have schools compete for the money, as well as a teacher's credential.
Stop with the business model of a civic institution - it won't work, just like "trickle down" economics. Make it against the law for private foundations to head charter schools - they claim they are non-profit, but when you follow the money they reap lots of bucks for their managers and owners. For instance - Imagine Schools owners also own the real estate investment company who then turns around and rents the property to their schools, at tax payer expense.
Invest in the inner-city and rural areas - give tax incentives to companies who provide jobs at a living wage. Fix the tax code that has allowed the top 1% to have 95% of the wealth and focus on raising the standard of living for the poor and middle class. We are back to the disparity and inequity of the 1890s and 1920s.
Above all, respect teachers enough to know how to create curriculum that leads to life-long learning and empowerment, rather than continue to allow politicians to dictate via school boards, Foundations, or Washington. And stop judging schools, students, teachers on test scores. Judge them on what
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susanstiffelman
Susan Stiffelman is a family therapist, Huff Post
11:43 PM on 10/22/2010
Interesting that the first two comments spun this posting as attacking teachers. The article was written to contradict the notion that teachers are to blame; it was to emphasize how those of us on the outside looking in cannot understand the challenges faced by those in the trenches. (Hence the analogy of my former husband cheering me on from the sidelines without a clue as to what I was actually up against.) My point is that rather than indicting teachers in broad strokes, we should recognize and support those who love the profession and find out how to help them feel excited and empowered to do their job well.
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cjaco
11:53 PM on 10/22/2010
Your focus is the assumption that teachers are mediocre at best, and how should we help them. Try getting explicit in the support of teachers next time - this was back handed, and teachers have been overtly bashed continuously for a long time now. We are hyper sensitive and extremely angry at this point.
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Sean Taylor Teacher
Literacy is a right of all people
12:07 AM on 10/23/2010
How Does an Average (Mediocre) Fireman Become Extraordinary? How Does an Average (Mediocre) Policeman Become Extraordinary? How Does an Average (Mediocre) Parent Become Extraordinary? How Does an Average (Mediocre) Society Become Extraordinary?
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susanstiffelman
Susan Stiffelman is a family therapist, Huff Post
12:46 AM on 10/24/2010
I understand. My apologies. The essence of my opinion--and it's only my opinion--is that this issue is highly charged, very complex situation, and that we need to avoid the simplistic idea that we simply need to oust the teachers and get better ones.

Those of you teaching are without question the heroes in this country. My point was to emphasize that there may be some mediocre teachers taking advantage of the tenured system, but that the majority--from what I can see- are simply overwhelmed and exhausted, and need...something (you teachers can tell the rest of us) to help revitalize them so they can do their work.
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uniquindividual
I'm unique and so are you
02:12 AM on 10/23/2010
Why did you leave teaching?
08:54 PM on 10/22/2010
Blame the teachers. The mediocre teachers-if they would just improve the schools would be great. If they just had the fire in the belly. If they just had enough training and just got with the missionary program-
Hey, it's a profession, not an religion. Teachers live in the real world. They work every day to improve the lives of kids. They don't have time for the do gooders (most are corporate do badders) to interfere with them trying to teach. Take your zeal and use it to try to improve social conditions. Do not disparage educators and public education.
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Live4literacy
07:59 PM on 10/22/2010
How about asking TEACHERS what they know needs to be done, what are the best ways to teach, assess, and remediate, and what constitutes good practice. TQM anyone? All of these ridiculous reforms come from the top down from people who have NO IDEA what it is to teach, to motivate, and to develop curriculum. I saw Waiting for Superman as well and Ms. Rhea was arrogant, smug, and condescending to the "customers" she was serving as well as to her PROFESSIONAL staff. Sorry, but I believe before you can even think about being a principal, much less a superintendent, you must have five years of actual classroom full time teaching under your belt. And I say five years because the majority of TFAs leave after 2 years, and 50% of all new teachers do not make it to the five year mark. I was a phenomenal 1st grade teacher but in year ten, when the test became the yardstick by which children, schools, and teachers were measured, I left. I was not going to be told to not to teach anything that wasn't on the test, which pretty much meant science, social studies, and writing, except in 4th and 8th when they are tested.
Anyone can do test prep, but really teaching, and having students really learn, involves more than that and I think teachers are beaten down by the lack of control and voice in their classrooms.
05:54 PM on 10/23/2010
Very well put.
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Joel Shatzky
03:59 PM on 10/24/2010
I am heartened by the comments made by teachers in response to this blog. Writing a blog for Huffington is worth it from the responses. But here is something to consider: despite all of its negative elements, its authoritarian politics and police-state tactics, the former Soviet Union--and the present-day Cuba, have produced very good educational systems. When I was a boy and went to a Soviet cultural exhibit during the "Eisenhower-Khruschev thaw" my father, an educator, asked a Soviet teacher: "How do you get your school principals?" "We elect them from among ourselves," he said. Perhaps that was an exaggeration, but I wonder, how much more would morale improve if the most important credential for a future principal was that he or she was a teacher that was regarded highly enough by their colleagues to become their leader?
In terms of improving the economic situation for many young learners I have three suggestions:
1. Eliminate lobbies and any private money in electoral campaigns which should be no more than three weeks long as in Britain. Debating time should be donated by the media.
2. Give any candidate running for public office a minimal "basic knowledge test" so at least we can be sure he/she isn't a moron.
3. Change the tax structure to where it was in the 1950's (91 % top)and subsidize small businesses with the money in order to give their underpaid workers a "living" (not minimum which isn't "living") wage.