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Ussama Makdisi

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Egypt: Why Is The United States Afraid Of Arab Democracy?

Posted: 02/15/11 07:11 AM ET

The Arab world is witnessing a revolution. After decades of apathy and repression, Arab citizens are finally rising up against ossified, undemocratic regimes that have been backed by the West. Whereas the Tunisian revolution caught the United States--and much of the Arab world--by surprise, it is clear that the events unfolding in Egypt have been of much greater concern to the Obama administration.

The awkward, hesitant response on the part of U.S. officials to the events on the ground has been startling. President Obama may have belatedly accepted Hosni Mubarak's departure, but he did so only after it was clear that millions of Egyptians would settle for nothing less. The difference in the open, enthusiastic American embrace and support for Iranian protesters in 2009--or the anti-communist revolutions that swept Eastern Europe two decades ago--and the American scramble to salvage the status quo in the Arab world is nothing short of stark.

Why is the United States afraid of Arab democracy?

The answer is that in large part the outrage of the people being expressed on the streets is more than a revolution in Arab affairs. Although they are unquestionably first and foremost a revolt against unpopular and illegitimate governments and the economic and political despair these governments have engendered, the mass protests are also a revolt against American foreign policy itself. For decades, successive U.S. Republican and Democratic administrations have supported repressive Arab regimes in the name of the "stability" of a strategic, oil-rich region. This discourse of stability rationalized repression of Arab citizens. It isn't that American diplomats, intelligence agencies and officials have not known about the torture and disenfranchisement rampant across the Middle East. They have known, and, as the secret rendition program illustrates, many among them have been prepared to exploit this sordid reality in the name of protecting U.S. interests. The United States has assumed that Arab voices, desires, aspirations, and fears are inconsequential to its hegemony over the region.

The peace process is an obvious case in point. Unlike Saudi Arabia, Egypt is not an important economic ally of the U.S. But it has been a crucial client state that is at the heart of normalizing Arab relations with Israel. One of the most notable refrains of American commentators and officials concerned with events in Egypt is not the lack of democracy in Egypt, but the fear that Egypt's peace treaty with Israel would be jeopardized by a popular revolution. Yet most Americans don't realize that the American peace process has been dependent on oppressive Arab regimes. The Egyptian-Israeli peace treaty of 1979, like the Jordanian-Israeli treaty that followed in 1994, was negotiated by Arab autocrats--Anwar Sadat and King Hussein respectively. They may have delivered cold peace with Israel, but the quid pro quo of these treaties was the acquiescence to Israeli colonialism in the West Bank and East Jerusalem. The presidential term of U.S-backed Mahmoud Abbas expired in 2009. Yet his Palestinian Authority continues to be heavily subsidized by the United States. Hamas, by contrast, actually won the Palestinian elections in 2006. The U.S. refused to recognize the outcome, and instead has worked actively with Israel and the Palestinian Authority to undermine the results of that democratic election.

Certainly, Egyptians today are not focused on Palestine but on their own country. They want freedom, not war. But Egyptians are also part of the Arab world. They may no longer accept, for example, to have their government participate in the terrible siege of Gaza.

The emergence of new democratic movements in the Arab world will demand accountability from Arab rulers; but they are just as likely to demand a new approach to the peace process. For decades, U.S.-led "peace" making has been based exclusively on Israel's security concerns and its internal politics, on whittling away Palestinian rights, and on denying the real political significance of an overwhelming Arab sense of injustice at Zionist colonialism in Palestine.

In the meantime, the struggle for freedom in the Arab world will likely only get more desperate. As events in Egypt have demonstrated, Arab autocrats will not abdicate willingly. But ordinary people insist on real change. Mubarak's sudden downfall is a testament to the strength of a human desire for dignity. Because its hegemony in the Middle East has been so unpopular, the United States may soon have to confront a day of reckoning when Arabs finally achieve their democratic rights.

The irony is that the idea of self-determination began with an American president, Woodrow Wilson. Yet this idea has been systematically betrayed by the US in the Middle East since 1947. 2011 may well mark the beginning of the end of corrupt Arab regimes. And with the fall of these regimes there will be an opportunity to build not only a free Arab world, but an American foreign policy that supports this powerful current, and not, as it has done for decades, stand in its way.

 
The Arab world is witnessing a revolution. After decades of apathy and repression, Arab citizens are finally rising up against ossified, undemocratic regimes that have been backed by the West. Where...
The Arab world is witnessing a revolution. After decades of apathy and repression, Arab citizens are finally rising up against ossified, undemocratic regimes that have been backed by the West. Where...
 
 
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Lozange
Aiming around wondrously
02:14 PM on 02/20/2011
I think Arabs on the ground don't care one way or another about the US anymore. There is a similar bile reflux feeling that they had also for the colonial British. Dignity is indeed central to them. America doesn't represent to them anything they want to emulate in terms of mores and clumsily corrupt policies. They've seen it all before in the collective memory. Why would they bow to a bunch of misguided rookies at statehood!? Israel with all of its 60+ years, and the US who only emerged from isolationism in the 1940s. There's nothing the West can use anymore to influence them. This generation of Egyptians has survived poverty. They know they can withstand whatever it takes to reach their goal. All the power to them.
06:41 AM on 03/24/2011
America is all they want in terms of freedom and
government, it is the greed of the oil producers and
oil dependence that skews their views.Egypt is the
exception in the area as they are ripe for democracy
if we could only update the religious hatreds that have wiped
out all Jewish communities and are terrorizing
the Christians that remain
in the few countries in the Arab world
they are still allowed to live in.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Bill Sampson
Truth is the most valuable thing we have!
01:46 PM on 02/20/2011
Professor Makdisi's article is a true portrait of the realities in the Middle East. We should all heed the advise given by people who truly understand the realities in this region and try to become more aware of the injustice we have brutally imposed on these people. We all need to ignore the Faux News networks and regain control of our cognitive functions!
11:45 PM on 02/19/2011
Arab Democracy, like where?
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Bill Sampson
Truth is the most valuable thing we have!
01:47 PM on 02/20/2011
If you read the article, you would find the answer to this silly and racially loaded question!
07:11 PM on 02/19/2011
Why is the United States afraid of Arab democracy? It isn't. This article's entire premise is false.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Bill Sampson
Truth is the most valuable thing we have!
01:58 PM on 02/20/2011
Really? Do tell us how the "entire premise is false" You must have something valid to make such a claim and to challenge a Professor at Rice University who appears to at least have ancestral connections to this region!
02:31 PM on 02/20/2011
Well, Bill, I don't know if this is news to you, but the United States happens to support the three countries in the Middle East that have democracies -- Israel, Lebanon, and Turkey -- and it has spent considerable time, effort, money, and soldiers' lives trying to establish a democracy in Iraq. Any more questions?
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
reader1
Interested in the world
09:30 PM on 02/18/2011
This is just the beginning. There will also be an uprising in the streets of the US as well. The everyday man and women will not sit or stand by and watch this country go to hell in any basket, chinese made or otherwise! No more domination over people for stability. It's a new day! Ask them in Wisconsin!
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
MohammedAbbasi
Co-Director, Association of British Muslims
05:35 PM on 02/17/2011
probably because it exposes the lack of democracy in the US?
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Lozange
Aiming around wondrously
02:19 PM on 02/20/2011
It exposes the fact Egypt is closer to true democracy, i.e. "rule of the people" than the US whose oligarchy has wiped out economically its entire middle class.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Chuck Rewalt
Photography Koi Ponds Veleveteagle Redbubble
09:48 AM on 02/17/2011
Were there is less fear there is less profit for our war machine. Not hard to figure out why the powers who steer our leadership are very worried about freedom ...
01:28 PM on 02/16/2011
The USA was afraid of ex-African slaves getting their freedom too and both sides, (the ex-slaver and the free), appear to manage to work well together most of the time.

As usual all is a work in progress; however, the USA best be minded that it should not waste whatever limited resources it still hasleft on undermining the will of the Middle-Eastern Arab population/people.

Though, the USA is not necessarily known to take sound advise. It should retire it's "good intentions", because seldom does it not piss off the entire world.

Our/the world's patience for American god complex when it is not needed has clearly run out..
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WoodsideCraig
Author of the blog "The Weiler Psi"
10:50 AM on 02/16/2011
It is much harder to influence a democracy and cut yourself a sweet deal with corrupt officials. There is a lot of accountability. Even the U.S., which is in the powerful grip of large corporations which more or less control the media is not completely under their grasp. The effort they have to expend to keep control is immense.

So it's not hard to imagine why the US would NOT want Democracies in the Middle East. Less control, less ability to manipulate.

Not to mention the frightening possibility that the revolution may eventually spread to the U.S., although in a much different form.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
jockmama
02:47 AM on 02/16/2011
This isn't at all about philosophy, but real-world pragmatism. We've seen such shenanigans go on in Third World elections that we simply don't trust them to live up to their "democratic" billing. Maybe we don't trust that what THEY will label "democracy" will resemble what we have in the U.S., rather than what they have in Iran... I think that we wouldn't have any problem with an Egypt that could assure the rest of the world that it was led according to "one adult, one vote each" - instead of the blatant ballot box stuffing we've seen in Islamic countries like Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Sudan, etc. Or that the whole thing won't come toppling down if the army doesn't like who the people elect. High ideals are fine - on paper. But if the people lack the power or will to make them WORK, maybe we'd prefer the devil we know to the Ayotollahs we don't... Democratic, honest elections simply don't have a very good track record in the Third World. It would be NICE to be pleasantly surprised, but a stable and friendly (or just not actively anti-American) Egypt is too crucial to the safety of the Middle East for us to feel confident betting the house on a single roll of the dice.
04:06 AM on 02/16/2011
Jock..so what you are saying ...is leave the Arabs to die and being supressed under their rotten leaders is way better than having them choose their own destiny..whether it is pro or anti USA ? Have you asked yourself lately why they would be anti USA, unlike you might think it has nothing to do with the religion/Islam, I think you might want to review the US foreign policy over the past two or 3 decades..
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Bill Sampson
Truth is the most valuable thing we have!
02:12 PM on 02/20/2011
I do not see how people can say that about fellow humans and still claim they are humans themselves. Favored and Fanned!
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Texas Aggie
01:11 AM on 02/16/2011
Why is the United States afraid of Arab democracy?

It isn't just Arab democracy that the US is afraid of. It doesn't want democracy in Venezuela, Honduras or Haiti either. And if it got the chance to take down other democracies in Latin America, don't think it wouldn't do it in a NY minute. The big deal is control, and it is a lot easier to control a single person or small group of people who have power than it is to control a government that changes with each election. I strongly suspect the same thing applies to democracies in Asia, but I have no expertise there.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Bill Sampson
Truth is the most valuable thing we have!
02:11 PM on 02/20/2011
So true! F&F
10:33 PM on 02/15/2011
I am ashame at the behavior of my country for siding with repressive elements of any country, but then knowing this country as I do, this country is capable of doing anything.
All one has to do is to read this counthies history all questions would be answered, when I first find out just what this country was all about it was when I was enlighten about "SOUTH AFRICA" and how this country supported a repressive regime and said they were doing a good thing but they fail "SOUTH AFRICA gain their freedom inspite of this country****POWER TO THE PEOPLE IMBUED
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Jim Anderson
You're going to burn up my bullshit detector.
09:19 PM on 02/15/2011
I know: Americans don't want the Egyptians to get a democracy before we do.
12:03 PM on 02/18/2011
The question really should be Will there ever be a democracy in Egypt or any arab country in which 91% of the women undergo female genital mutilation?
http://vodpod.com/watch/745168-egyptian-women-discuss-female-genital-mutilation-fgm
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inthedesert
Those who never question will fall for anything.
07:33 PM on 02/15/2011
It's sad that something like this cannot happen in America.....that's what it would take to turn America from the current course it is on...one of destruction for the middle class and poor, homeowners, the sick and elderly.
07:07 PM on 02/15/2011
I'm a born and raised American and I think what the Egyptian people are doing is just short of a miracle. I support them in what ever form of government they decide on. I don't think we should have any say in the process. We wouldn't like it if they had a say in our affairs.