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William Dietrich

William Dietrich

Posted: May 1, 2010 02:50 PM

Exxon Lessons for the BP Spill

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The question after the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill was not if another catastrophic spill would hit the United States, but when.

Now we know. Unless BP's mile-deep gusher can be capped or shut off, it may exceed in volume and damage the 11 million gallon spill that occurred in Alaska's Prince William Sound. Estimates are that 1.5 million gallons have already spewed out and it seems to be getting worse, not better.

As an environmental reporter for the Seattle Times, I was one of the first on the scene of the Exxon spill and later shared a Pulitzer for its coverage. Twenty-one years later, neither I nor the oil industry have an answer for what to do now.

Corralling an oil spill is like putting fog in a bag.

Based on Alaska's experience, what might we expect in the Gulf as the oil platform disaster worsens?

First, BP, like Exxon, will be properly contrite, determined, and will promise to make restitution. None of this will matter. Exxon said the same things, probably caused as much damage as it prevented in its power-washing of beaches, and spent two decades beating down $5 billion in civil damages for those harmed by its spill to a little more than 10 percent of that. Watch what they do, not what they say.

Second, cleaning up oil once it escapes its confinement remains an almost impossible task. The technology was not very effective in Alaska, and so far it does not seem very effective in the Gulf. In Alaska, the oil industry tried chemical dispersants such as are being used in the Gulf, booms, burning, hot-water pressure washing of beaches, bio-remediation by culturing bacteria to eat oil, and even wiping rocks with rags. None worked very well. After humans quit, winter storms finally broke up and eroded the surface oil, while subsurface oil still lingers.

Once wind pushes the oil into mangroves and estuaries, forget about it. The damage is hard to imagine until you see it. But to get an idea, dump a quart of dirty motor oil on your driveway and try to clean it up.

There will be immediate photogenic bird kills, but then a much longer and more insidious presence of oily contaminants in Gulf ecosystems. The real damage will play out over years, not days.

While the focus in coming weeks will be on defending the coast from oily tides, lawyers will parachute in ahead of beach workers. At issue will be how much wildlife and seafood was present before the spill, and how much was lost. The inventorying will pit legions of scientists from the Gulf states against legions of scientists from BP. While President Obama is holding BP responsible for restitution, just how much damage occurs? This will be the crucial question in the years of court fights to come. This disaster will mean full employment for a shrimp-bucket-full of attorneys and biologists.

That means the more the Gulf states know about their coastal environment, the more money they will collect at the back end. They'd better hope they haven't gutted their environmental agencies, because they need them right now. Big Time. Count, count, count.

Scoffing at environmentalists is national sport, of course, until pollution hits close to home. Another prediction, based on what happened in Alaska, is that once the oil starts to devastate commercial marine livelihoods, you'll see tree-hugger conversions among redneck resource workers more dramatic than that of Saul on the road to Damascus. Fishermen will howl - but still will lose their livelihoods.

A likely beneficiary of this spill are environmental organizations and their efforts to promote conservation and discourage new drilling. BP has a history of shooting itself in the foot. It allowed corrosion on the Alaska pipeline it managed to trigger a spill that helped derail a campaign to open the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge to drilling, and now has this nightmare right after the Obama Administration proposed opening new swaths of coast to oil leasing. The oil industry is its own worst enemy.

Eventually there will be investigations, some kind of Congressional legislative reform, and -- if the spill is costly enough -- an overhaul of BP management similar to what happened at Exxon, in which a cowboy company gets (some) religion. Technology will take a stride ahead and things might get a bit safer, for a while.

But the threat will remain, vigilance will relax, and risks will run higher as the world gets more desperate for oil and drills in ever-more-inaccessible places. Petroleum product consumption in the United States has increased about 10 percent since the Exxon Valdez spill, according to the Department of Energy, despite some impressive renewable energy and conservation efforts.

Until we make real strides in weaning from fossil fuels -- which, incidentally, would help save the climate, save the oceans, and get us less entangled in endless wars -- it's almost certain I can recycle this blog post again in ten or twenty years.

But energy conservation is one of those dad-gum socialist ideas, isn't it? Why conserve when it's so American to just let the oil industry do its thing?

 
 
 
The question after the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill was not if another catastrophic spill would hit the United States, but when. Now we know. Unless BP's mile-deep gusher can be capped or shut off, it...
The question after the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill was not if another catastrophic spill would hit the United States, but when. Now we know. Unless BP's mile-deep gusher can be capped or shut off, it...
 
 
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
pammiethekid
10:59 PM on 06/03/2010
I am linking this article to everyone I know who has ever asked me anything about this spill, and to my facebook page. Thanks for this nod to the oil spill in Prince William Sound. Most who were not in Alaska, back in the day, may not remember that—as big spills go— this, as a nation, is not our first rodeo. Problem is, this time, the spill is not finite, is not fixed by how much oil was on a particular ship.
10:42 PM on 05/02/2010
Today's dumb question: Is there any chance it would help to "coagulate" the perimeter of the great spill, thus stopping up some of the thinning & movement, & perhaps making the oil more "collectible"? If the spread is worst where it is thinning & moving outward, then, could that be inhibited? (ex.: I recall a seashell-based substance used to coagulate fat from one's dinner & thus keep it from entering the bloodstream. In all ignorance, I ask, could we add in an analogous substance that might buy us time?) This could ONLY work if the resulting coagulate were MORE collectible, no more toxic, and still penetrable by vessels needing to move through, etc. Pure, uneducated, blue-sky conjecture here, posted out of a desperate desire to say/do something.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
magyart
10:20 PM on 05/02/2010
The Gulf of Mex. will suffer one of the largest man made ecological disasters we have ever seen. The no. one priority is to STOP the FLOW of OIL.

The southern border is the site of another grand, man made disaster. The no. one priority should be STOP the ILLEGAL ALIENS. We do not need comprehensive immigration reform, to secure the border.

Visit the NumbersUSA website and help fight illegal immigration.
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pammiethekid
11:02 PM on 06/03/2010
Wow. Way to erroneously, and might I say stupidly, attempt to equate the illegal immigration of human beings who need to find a way to support their families with corporate greed. You must think that bazillionaires and people who can't pull in ten bucks a week unless they sneak over a border are the same. Christian much? Yeah, I bet you think so. Caucasion persuasion? Let me guess.
08:17 PM on 05/02/2010
The real lesson from the Exxon spill was that the oil giant wasn't held fully accountable. Wildlife died en masse, communities were damaged for a prolonged, perhaps indefinite period, taxpayers paid the cleanup bill and what financial damage the company absorbed was passed along to its customers. Exxon took the hit, such as it was, left devastation in its wake and kept rolling along. The lesson is that we will rend our clothing, wail and throw dirt in the air for a while and then business will return to usual. Let's not pretend there is some other "lesson." America is not a country that learns anything from lessons no matter how painful.
06:47 PM on 05/02/2010
Excellent post. Unfortunately we will be reading this article again i8n another twenty years.
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Merle Savage
03:25 PM on 05/02/2010
I pray for the workers who are cleaning up the oil, they need to be aware of the chemicals that will be used for the cleaning.

My name is Merle Savage; a female general foreman during the EVOS beach cleanup in 1989, which turned into 20 years of extensive health deterioration for me and many other workers. Dr. Riki Ott visited me in 2007 to explain about the toxic spraying on the beaches. She also informed me that Exxon's medical records and the reports that surfaced in litigation brought by sick workers in 1994, had been sealed from the public, making it impossible to hold Exxon responsible for their actions.

Dr. Riki Ott has written two books; Sound Truth & Corporate Myth$ and Not One Drop. Dr. Ott quotes numerous reports in her books, on the toxic chemicals that were used during the 1989 cleanup. Black Wave the Film is based on Not One Drop, with interviews of EVOS victims; my interview was featured in the section; Like a War Zone.
http://www.blackwavethefilm.com

Exxon developed the toxic spraying; OSHA, the Coast Guard, and the state of Alaska authorized the procedure and VECO implemented it. Beach crews breathed in crude oil that splashed off the rocks and into the air -- the toxic exposure turned into chronic breathing conditions and central nervous system problems, along with other massive health issues.
http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=5632208859935499100

http://www.silenceinthesound.com/stories.shtml
http://www.silenceinthesound.com/gallery.shtml
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06:50 PM on 05/02/2010
Thanks, Merle. As I was reading the article the question that came to mind was....what happening in the long-term aftermath?

Your post addresses that.

Fanned.
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pammiethekid
11:03 PM on 06/03/2010
Thanks for writing this. I remember Riki Ott, from back in the day!
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MarkInEugene
A blasphemy a day keeps the deities away.
02:07 PM on 05/02/2010
Very well said Bill.

After posting on this issue for the last few days and listening to the angry vitriol from the anti-environment crowd, I don't think there's much more to be said. The message will not get through to a lot of American's who don't understand how inextricably linked we are to the earth's fragile ecosystems.

Whining about the Gulf is all nonsense and flexing of arrogant intellectual muscle from blue state socialist cry baby scientists. People who don't get that a free unregulated market is all we need to live large, cash in, and feel the love.
11:07 AM on 05/02/2010
I have read posts on news blogs in other countries and most of them claim that they have regulations that require backup switches. No one considers that the US government has once again failed to regulate an entire industry. None of the rigs in the gulf have backup switches. And Jindal has said that he has not received any plan from BP. One has to question whether a disaster plan even existed. Basically the Gulf of Mexico was used as a test ground for deep water drilling by BP. And the US government allowed this to happen without any change in regulations.
05:02 PM on 05/02/2010
Who needs more regulation! I like boom and bust cycles from the late 19th century! We need more robber barons to take away your water rights...just like the good days. Heck...fire all those cops on the public dole and bring back the Pinkertons to forcibly protect my private property from plebeian scoundrels. Drill Baby Drill...Drill Baby Spill...Burn Baby Burn. God I love unfettered capitalism! Now, if it weren't for this democracy thing in the USA...I could really make it BIG!
09:33 AM on 05/02/2010
The oil industry and the auto industry have no intention of allowing us to resolve our energy needs without fossil fuels. The politicians that they pay for will defend them against our best interests.

Nobody is above the law except oil companies, phone companies, auto companies, traitors, torturers, war profiteers and war criminals... I am sure that Holder and Obama will decide this was simply "poor judgment" like they did with the lawyers that undermined the Constitution in favor of torture....

Capitalism without regulation is suicide and these folks are trying to take us with them....
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MarkInEugene
A blasphemy a day keeps the deities away.
02:41 PM on 05/02/2010
And unfortunately, they've convinced the free-market-solves-all-the-worlds-problems crowd that the good science on the part of what is now a very large University-based Environmental Science discipline, is glibbly tossed aside by the likes of the Republican leadership in Congress. Their consistent pathetic scoring by the League of Conservation Voters underscores that they do not take this science seriously.
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12:39 AM on 05/02/2010
I know Mark Levin is a hated and evil bastage around here, but this is the best first hand description Iv'e heard to date on what happened on that rig.

http://rs443.rapidshare.com/files/382472763/Mark.Levin.2010.04.30.oil.worker.interview.mp3
10:05 PM on 05/01/2010
aren't we entering hurricane season?
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gaydm
Into the great wide open.
03:22 PM on 05/02/2010
June 1st is the start of hurricane season.
05:13 PM on 05/02/2010
Ohhhh... Hadn't thought of that. God forbid (and I'm an agnostic, really) that there is an early-in-the-season hurricane in that area. Especially if (as it seems possible according to the reports) the well is STILL gushing a month or two from now. From disaster to mega-disaster... :(
06:51 PM on 05/01/2010
The whole thing seems really suspicious because of the timing as everyone is saying. Also I just heard on a radio show that there was a leaked story out of Russia that this was a North Korean sabotage. It was reported that a NK submarine was in Cuba and had left Cuba around the time that this occurred.

1) Mexico has more billionaires than any other country. So they have alot more power and connections than most people realize and they now have it in for us.

2) China/North Korea has always had it in for us and would gladly carry out such an operation if they could get away with it.

3) North Korea recently sunk a South Korean ship, possibly with a suicide mission mini-sub !!!

4) Back to Mexico. Their unseen/undereported power and recent anger towards us could have finally allowed/triggered off a go-go attitude amongst those who have these kinds of attack plans just waiting to be carried out.

5) Conclusion-Theory:

China/Mexico/Cuba/Venezuela/North Korea/Iran/etc. --- Mexico which is part of NAFTA-power is a buffer/ally to the US that keeps the peace between the US and these hostile terrorist freindly anti-US nations in the south-western hemisphere.
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12:35 AM on 05/02/2010
I'm sorry, it's hard to feel powerless, and thus the need to create conspiracy theories to try and put explanations to unexplainable events. I heard a verified but anonymous interview with someone just a grunt worker on the rig who got away, but his friends/coworkers got cooked. He said to put away any thoughts of terrorism or whatever on this, because it was definitely a gas explosion on the rig. He said they know what happened, the only thing he didn't know was how it was allowed to happen with all the gauges and precautions for it happening. If the alarms and gauges in the control room were correct then things should have been done to prevent it.
09:34 AM on 05/02/2010
Maybe it was sabotaged.
06:50 PM on 05/01/2010
If this was not an accident this attack could have been ok'd by Mexico for revenge and agreed to by China/North Korea/Cuba/Iran/Venezuela/etc for revenge/animosity in general. And agreed to by all of them to hurt the US economically/militarily and in every other way possible too !!!

Possible Obama-team collusion with this or any plot that was chosen by whoever was willing to take it on, as was mentioned elsewhere/other websites to further Obamas/left wing groups aims/goals.

Does anyone else see this as possible or agree with it ???

Also I say that we should pass AZ SB 1070 in every US State and not to let Mexico tell/force/persuade/intimidate us into what to do regarding illegal aliens/immigration-etc, by any means that they employ to achieve that aim/goal.

Go read how Mexico treats foreign born Mexican citizens and illegal aliens in their country:

Mexican Constitution
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_Constitution_of_the_United_Mexican_States
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DoctorJohn
Little blue boat in a big red ocean
08:42 PM on 05/01/2010
ABSOLUTELY BIZARRE! And don't forget, flouride in the drinking water is still a communist plot.
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gaydm
Into the great wide open.
03:53 PM on 05/02/2010
You do realize that Mexico does touch a portion of the Gulf of Mexico. Why would they want to ruin the beaches that they use for tourist dollars? Do you really think Mexican, or Venezuela, or Cuba for that matter, since they share a section of the gulf with us, would want any part of this mess? They will surely get hit by some of this oil as well as the US will. Some revenge that would be. Talk about hacking your nose off to spite your face.

Is it possible, yes it could be possible.

Is it probable, IMHO no. I do not believe they would do such a thing when they are as much at risk as we are.
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RabidRightRebel
Rebelling against wilful ignorance is a duty
04:57 PM on 05/01/2010
Why is ti that no one seems to care that the real culprit is the offshore drilling company Transocean that owned and operated the rig that sank. I guess it is easier to blame a foreign company!
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gaydm
Into the great wide open.
06:17 PM on 05/01/2010
Transocean may have owned the rig, but BP leased it and operated it not Transocean. If BP were to operate the rig outside the correct operating measures, Then BP is the responsible party.
My main worry is if they do not get this well closed off, some of that oil may get caught up in the Gulf Stream flow and head up the East Coast as well.
10:50 AM on 05/02/2010
It's sad for people in the South when they read posts like yours and realize that other people only feel concern when they think the oil may reach their state.
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polishlogician
No sugar tonight in my tea..
02:23 AM on 05/02/2010
TransOcean is a Swiss-based company I believe...
09:36 AM on 05/02/2010
Don't worry, by the time the lawyers get done with this, it won't matter because they will continue in business and keep drilling. There is no real penalty for destroying parts of the world.
10:39 AM on 05/02/2010
In pending litigation, all four companies: BP, Transocean, Halliburton, and Cameron, are listed as foreign companies. Even their subsidiaries that say something like BP America are listed as foreign companies. I assume this is for their tax benefit.